Retrieval and tool routing across distributed sources
Where should an agent look, and what can agents share?
Federated retrieval is where this started. Our mapping study in Findings of EMNLP 2025 covers the work from 2020 to 2025 that combines federated learning with retrieval-augmented generation.
SYNAPSE and Typed Federated Artifacts carry the idea over to tool routing. Agents share what they have learned about which tool suits which request, packaged as schema-checked objects instead of model weights. That lets agents running different frozen LLMs use the same knowledge. On StableToolBench the federated setup was within 1.1 points of a centralized baseline.
Even inside one database, the right table can be hard to find. JoinGR follows foreign-key joins to reach tables a question never mentions, and on the BEAVER enterprise benchmark it raised perfect recall@15 from 0.339 to 0.645. In DeALOG (EMNLP 2026), specialist agents for text, tables and images coordinate through a shared log, with no central controller.